# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ ================================================================ 酒店客房管理系统（酒店管理专业 AI 教学版）—— Web 网页版 ================================================================ 适用课程：酒店管理信息系统、酒店数字化运营、Python 程序设计（酒店专业方向） 运行环境：Python 3.8+，仅需安装 Flask（一个轻量 Web 框架） 教学目标：帮助酒店管理专业学生理解酒店客房核心业务流程，掌握 数字化管理系统的设计逻辑，同时入门 Python Web 编程。 【与原桌面版（tkinter + pandas）的关系】 本程序是将《酒店客房管理系统（酒店管理专业 AI 教学版）》桌面程序 改写为「网页版」的完整教学程序：业务逻辑、房型、价格、会员折扣等 数据完全一致，仅将 GUI 交互（tkinter 窗口）替换为浏览器网页（Flask）。 为降低零基础学生的环境门槛，本网页版用 Python 内置列表/字典代替 pandas， 数据分析逻辑等价，可对照原桌面版逐模块学习。 【如何运行】 1) 安装依赖： pip install flask 2) 启动程序： python hotel_room_web_lesson3.py 3) 打开浏览器访问： http://127.0.0.1:5000 【系统核心功能】 1. 房态统计看板 —— 实时计算总客房数、可售房数、入住率、各类房态数量 2. 空房智能推荐 —— 按预算 / 房型 / 楼层多条件筛选空闲客房 3. 客房信息总览 —— 表格化展示全量客房（房号/房型/价格/楼层/状态） 4. 入住登记办理 —— 录入信息、会员折扣自动计算、房态自动更新 5. 退房办理 —— 结算、房态转「待清洁」、入住信息归档删除 6. 入住客户管理 —— 表格展示所有在住客户与预估房费 7. 运营数据分析 —— 入住率、可售房均价、会员等级分布 ================================================================ """ import os import json from flask import Flask, request, render_template_string, redirect, url_for, flash, get_flashed_messages from markupsafe import escape # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # 一、应用与业务数据初始化（教学重点：酒店业务数据的结构化设计） # ------------------------------------------------------------------ app = Flask(__name__) app.secret_key = "hotel-room-teaching-demo" # flash 消息需要 # 会员等级折扣配置（教学用，贴合酒店实际业务） MEMBER_DISCOUNT = { "普通": 1.0, "银卡": 0.95, "金卡": 0.88, "钻石卡": 0.8, } # 房态种类（符合酒店行业通用分类） ROOM_STATUS = ["空闲", "入住", "待清洁", "维修"] # 数据文件：用于把内存数据持久化到本地，重启程序不丢失 DATA_FILE = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), "hotel_data.json") def init_rooms(): """初始化 20 间客房基础数据（房号/房型/价格/楼层/状态）。 完全对应原桌面版的数据：10 楼 101-110、20 楼 201-210。""" room_nos = [str(n) for n in range(101, 111)] + [str(n) for n in range(201, 211)] room_types = ["大床房", "双床房", "套房", "大床房", "双床房", "大床房", "双床房", "套房", "大床房", "双床房", "大床房", "双床房", "套房", "大床房", "双床房", "大床房", "双床房", "套房", "大床房", "双床房"] prices = [398, 428, 888, 418, 438, 388, 418, 868, 378, 408, 458, 488, 988, 438, 468, 428, 458, 968, 418, 448] floors = [10] * 10 + [20] * 10 statuses = ["空闲", "空闲", "空闲", "空闲", "空闲", "空闲", "空闲", "待清洁", "空闲", "维修", "空闲", "入住", "待清洁", "空闲", "维修", "空闲", "入住", "待清洁", "入住", "维修"] rooms = [] for i in range(20): rooms.append({ "房号": room_nos[i], "房型": room_types[i], "价格(元)": prices[i], "楼层": floors[i], "状态": statuses[i], }) return rooms # 全局业务数据（内存中） ROOMS = init_rooms() CHECKINS = [] # 在住客户：房号/姓名/联系电话/入住天数/会员等级/预估房费(元) # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # 二、数据持久化（教学重点：内存数据如何落盘保存） # ------------------------------------------------------------------ def save_data(): """把当前业务数据保存到本地 JSON 文件。""" with open(DATA_FILE, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f: json.dump({"rooms": ROOMS, "checkins": CHECKINS}, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2) def load_data(): """启动时尝试从 JSON 文件恢复数据（若存在）。""" global ROOMS, CHECKINS if os.path.exists(DATA_FILE): try: with open(DATA_FILE, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f: data = json.load(f) ROOMS = data.get("rooms", ROOMS) CHECKINS = data.get("checkins", []) except Exception: pass # 数据文件损坏时回退到初始数据 def reset_data(): """恢复初始数据（对应原桌面版「刷新所有数据」）。""" global ROOMS, CHECKINS ROOMS = init_rooms() CHECKINS = [] save_data() # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # 三、核心业务逻辑函数（教学重点：酒店业务逻辑的代码实现） # ------------------------------------------------------------------ def find_room(room_no): """按房号查找客房，找不到返回 None。""" for r in ROOMS: if r["房号"] == room_no: return r return None def room_stats(): """房态统计：总客房数、各类房态数量、入住率、可售房均价。 核心教学公式：入住率 = 已入住房间数 / 酒店总客房数 * 100% """ total = len(ROOMS) counts = {s: 0 for s in ROOM_STATUS} for r in ROOMS: counts[r["状态"]] = counts.get(r["状态"], 0) + 1 occupied = counts["入住"] occupancy_rate = round(occupied / total * 100, 1) if total else 0.0 # 可售房 = 状态为「空闲」的客房 sellable = [r for r in ROOMS if r["状态"] == "空闲"] avg_price = round(sum(r["价格(元)"] for r in sellable) / len(sellable), 2) if sellable else 0.0 return { "total": total, "counts": counts, "sellable": len(sellable), "occupancy_rate": occupancy_rate, "avg_price": avg_price, } def recommend_rooms(budget, room_type, floor): """空房智能推荐：从空闲房中按预算/房型/楼层筛选。""" result = [] for r in ROOMS: if r["状态"] != "空闲": continue if budget is not None and r["价格(元)"] > budget: continue if room_type and r["房型"] != room_type: continue if floor is not None and r["楼层"] != floor: continue result.append(r) return result def check_in(room_no, name, phone, days, member): """入住登记：校验 → 计算折扣房费 → 更新房态 → 写入客户信息。 返回 (是否成功, 提示信息)。""" room = find_room(room_no) if room is None: return False, "房号不存在，请核对后重新输入。" if room["状态"] != "空闲": return False, "房间「%s」当前状态为「%s」，不可入住。" % (room_no, room["状态"]) # 会员折扣计算：预估房费 = 房价 × 入住天数 × 折扣 discount = MEMBER_DISCOUNT.get(member, 1.0) fee = round(room["价格(元)"] * days * discount, 2) room["状态"] = "入住" CHECKINS.append({ "房号": room_no, "姓名": name, "联系电话": phone, "入住天数": days, "会员等级": member, "预估房费(元)": fee, }) save_data() return True, "入住登记成功：房号 %s，预估房费 ¥%.2f（%s 折扣 %.0f%%）" % ( room_no, fee, member, discount * 100) def check_out(room_no): """退房办理：校验 → 结算 → 房态转「待清洁」→ 删除入住信息。 返回 (是否成功, 提示信息, 结算信息或None)。""" room = find_room(room_no) if room is None: return False, "房号不存在，请核对后重新输入。", None if room["状态"] != "入住": return False, "房间「%s」当前状态为「%s」，不是入住状态，无法退房。" % (room_no, room["状态"]), None settled = None for i, c in enumerate(CHECKINS): if c["房号"] == room_no: settled = c del CHECKINS[i] break room["状态"] = "待清洁" save_data() if settled: return True, "退房办理成功：房号 %s，应收房费 ¥%.2f。" % (room_no, settled["预估房费(元)"]), settled return True, "退房办理成功：房号 %s，已转为「待清洁」。" % room_no, settled def occupancy_analysis(): """运营数据分析：入住率、可售房均价。""" stats = room_stats() return { "total": stats["total"], "occupied": stats["counts"]["入住"], "occupancy_rate": stats["occupancy_rate"], "avg_price": stats["avg_price"], } def member_distribution(): """会员等级分布：统计在住客户各会员等级人数。""" dist = {} for c in CHECKINS: m = c["会员等级"] dist[m] = dist.get(m, 0) + 1 return dist # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # 四、网页样式与布局（教学重点：Web 页面的 HTML/CSS 基础） # ------------------------------------------------------------------ CSS = """ * { box-sizing: border-box; } body { margin: 0; font-family: -apple-system, "Segoe UI", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; background: #f5f6f8; color: #1a1d24; line-height: 1.6; } header { background: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid #e6e8ec; position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 10; } .nav { max-width: 1080px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 20px; display: flex; align-items: center; height: 60px; gap: 4px; flex-wrap: wrap; } .brand { font-weight: 700; font-size: 17px; margin-right: 16px; color: #1d4ed8; } .nav a { color: #4a5160; text-decoration: none; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 8px; font-size: 14px; } .nav a:hover { background: #eef2ff; color: #1d4ed8; } .nav a.on { background: #1d4ed8; color: #fff; } main { max-width: 1080px; margin: 24px auto 60px; padding: 0 20px; } h1 { font-size: 22px; margin: 0 0 4px; } h2 { font-size: 17px; margin: 0 0 14px; } .sub { color: #8a919e; font-size: 13px; margin: 0 0 20px; } .flash { padding: 10px 14px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 16px; font-size: 14px; } .flash.ok { background: #e7f6ec; color: #157347; border: 1px solid #b7e4c7; } .flash.err { background: #fdecec; color: #b3261e; border: 1px solid #f3c1c1; } .cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(150px, 1fr)); gap: 14px; margin-bottom: 24px; } .card { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e6e8ec; border-radius: 12px; padding: 16px 18px; } .card .k { font-size: 13px; color: #8a919e; } .card .v { font-size: 26px; font-weight: 700; margin-top: 4px; } .card .v.big { color: #1d4ed8; } .panel { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e6e8ec; border-radius: 12px; padding: 20px 22px; margin-bottom: 20px; } table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 14px; } th, td { padding: 10px 12px; text-align: left; border-bottom: 1px solid #eef0f3; } th { background: #fafbfc; color: #4a5160; font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; } tr:hover td { background: #fafbff; } .badge { display: inline-block; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 999px; font-size: 12px; } .badge.空闲 { background: #e7f6ec; color: #157347; } .badge.入住 { background: #eef2ff; color: #1d4ed8; } .badge.待清洁 { background: #fff4e5; color: #b45309; } .badge.维修 { background: #fdecec; color: #b3261e; } form.grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr)); gap: 14px; } label { font-size: 13px; color: #4a5160; display: block; margin-bottom: 6px; } input, select { width: 100%; padding: 9px 12px; border: 1px solid #d6dae1; border-radius: 8px; font-size: 14px; } input:focus, select:focus { outline: none; border-color: #1d4ed8; } .btn { display: inline-block; border: none; background: #1d4ed8; color: #fff; padding: 10px 20px; border-radius: 8px; font-size: 14px; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none; } .btn:hover { background: #1e40af; } .btn.ghost { background: #fff; color: #4a5160; border: 1px solid #d6dae1; } .mt { margin-top: 16px; } .muted { color: #8a919e; } .foot { text-align: center; color: #b0b6c0; font-size: 12px; margin-top: 40px; } """ def base(title, body_html): """渲染基础页面骨架（导航 + 内容）。""" nav_items = [ ("/", "房态看板"), ("/rooms", "客房总览"), ("/recommend", "空房推荐"), ("/checkin", "入住登记"), ("/checkout", "退房办理"), ("/customers", "客户管理"), ("/analytics", "数据分析"), ("/structures", "控制结构实验"), ] if request.path == "/structures": nav_items = [("/structures", "客户需求练习"), ("/", "酒店管理拓展")] nav = "".join( '%s' % (url, ' class="on"' if request.path == url else "", text) for url, text in nav_items ) return """ %s - 酒店客房管理系统
%s
酒店客房管理系统（酒店管理专业 AI 教学版）· 网页版教学程序
""" % (title, CSS, nav, body_html) def render_flashes(): """渲染 flash 消息（成功绿色 / 失败红色）。""" html = "" for category, message in get_flashed_messages(with_categories=True): cls = "ok" if category == "ok" else "err" html += '
%s
' % (cls, escape(message)) return html # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # 五、路由（教学重点：Web 请求如何映射到业务逻辑） # ------------------------------------------------------------------ @app.route("/") def index(): stats = room_stats() body = render_flashes() + render_template_string("""

房态看板

酒店前台实时房态全局概览 · 数据更新时间：{{ now }}

总客房数
{{ stats.total }}
可售房数
{{ stats.sellable }}
实时入住率
{{ stats.occupancy_rate }}%
空房
{{ stats.counts["空闲"] }}
入住
{{ stats.counts["入住"] }}
待清洁
{{ stats.counts["待清洁"] }}
维修
{{ stats.counts["维修"] }}

快捷操作

空房推荐 入住登记 退房办理 运营分析
""", stats=stats, now=__import__("datetime").datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")) return base("房态看板", body) @app.route("/rooms") def rooms(): body = render_flashes() + render_template_string("""

客房信息总览

全量客房档案与实时状态 · 房态流转规则：空闲 → 入住 → 待清洁 → 空闲

{% for r in rooms %} {% endfor %}
房号房型价格(元)楼层状态
{{ r["房号"] }}{{ r["房型"] }}{{ r["价格(元)"] }} {{ r["楼层"] }}楼{{ r["状态"] }}
""", rooms=ROOMS) return base("客房总览", body) @app.route("/recommend", methods=["GET", "POST"]) def recommend(): results = None cond = {} if request.method == "POST": try: budget = request.form.get("budget", "").strip() budget = int(budget) if budget else None except ValueError: budget = None room_type = request.form.get("room_type", "").strip() or None floor_raw = request.form.get("floor", "").strip() floor = int(floor_raw) if floor_raw else None cond = {"budget": budget, "room_type": room_type, "floor": floor} results = recommend_rooms(budget, room_type, floor) room_types = sorted({r["房型"] for r in ROOMS}) floors = sorted({r["楼层"] for r in ROOMS}) body = render_flashes() + render_template_string("""

空房智能推荐

按客户预算、房型、楼层多条件筛选空闲客房（收益管理与需求匹配）

{% if results is not none %}

推荐结果（共 {{ results|length }} 间）

{% if results %} {% for r in results %} {% endfor %}
房号房型价格(元)楼层状态
{{ r["房号"] }}{{ r["房型"] }}{{ r["价格(元)"] }} {{ r["楼层"] }}楼空闲
{% else %}

没有符合条件的空闲客房，请放宽筛选条件。

{% endif %}
{% endif %} """, cond=cond, room_types=room_types, floors=floors, results=results) return base("空房推荐", body) @app.route("/checkin", methods=["GET", "POST"]) def checkin(): if request.method == "POST": room_no = request.form.get("room_no", "").strip() name = request.form.get("name", "").strip() phone = request.form.get("phone", "").strip() days_raw = request.form.get("days", "").strip() member = request.form.get("member", "普通") if not room_no or not name or not phone or not days_raw: flash("请完整填写房号、姓名、联系电话和入住天数。", "err") return redirect(url_for("checkin")) try: days = int(days_raw) if days <= 0: raise ValueError except ValueError: flash("入住天数必须为正整数。", "err") return redirect(url_for("checkin")) ok, msg = check_in(room_no, name, phone, days, member) flash(msg, "ok" if ok else "err") return redirect(url_for("checkin")) body = render_flashes() + render_template_string("""

入住登记办理

录入客户信息，系统自动校验房态并按会员等级计算折扣房费

""", discounts=MEMBER_DISCOUNT) return base("入住登记", body) @app.route("/checkout", methods=["GET", "POST"]) def checkout(): if request.method == "POST": room_no = request.form.get("room_no", "").strip() if not room_no: flash("请输入退房房号。", "err") return redirect(url_for("checkout")) ok, msg, _ = check_out(room_no) flash(msg, "ok" if ok else "err") return redirect(url_for("checkout")) body = render_flashes() + render_template_string("""

退房办理

输入退房房号，系统自动校验、结算，并将房态转为「待清洁」

当前在住客户

{% if checkins %} {% for c in checkins %} {% endfor %}
房号姓名联系电话入住天数 会员等级预估房费(元)
{{ c["房号"] }}{{ c["姓名"] }}{{ c["联系电话"] }} {{ c["入住天数"] }}{{ c["会员等级"] }}{{ c["预估房费(元)"] }}
{% else %}

暂无在住客户。

{% endif %}
""", checkins=CHECKINS) return base("退房办理", body) @app.route("/customers") def customers(): body = render_flashes() + render_template_string("""

入住客户管理

集中管理所有在住客户信息，方便前台快速查询与核对

{% if checkins %} {% for c in checkins %} {% endfor %}
房号姓名联系电话入住天数 会员等级预估房费(元)
{{ c["房号"] }}{{ c["姓名"] }}{{ c["联系电话"] }} {{ c["入住天数"] }}{{ c["会员等级"] }}{{ c["预估房费(元)"] }}
{% else %}

暂无在住客户。

{% endif %}
""", checkins=CHECKINS) return base("客户管理", body) @app.route("/analytics") def analytics(): occ = occupancy_analysis() dist = member_distribution() body = render_flashes() + render_template_string("""

运营数据分析

酒店运营核心 KPI 与客户结构分析

总客房数
{{ occ.total }}
入住房间数
{{ occ.occupied }}
入住率
{{ occ.occupancy_rate }}%
可售房均价(元)
{{ occ.avg_price }}

会员等级分布

{% if dist %} {% for m, n in dist.items() %} {% endfor %}
会员等级在住人数占比
{{ m }}{{ n }}{{ '%.1f'|format(n / dist.values()|sum * 100) }}%
{% else %}

暂无在住客户，无法统计会员分布。

{% endif %}
""", occ=occ, dist=dist) return base("数据分析", body) @app.route("/reset", methods=["POST"]) def reset(): reset_data() flash("已重置所有数据，恢复初始房态。", "ok") return redirect(url_for("index")) # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # 六、启动入口 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # 六、第三次课：用同一个六间客房案例学习顺序、分支与循环 # 与第二章的 20 间 PMS 业务数据相互独立，实验不会办理真实入住或改房态。 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ LESSON3_ROOMS = [ {"room": "101", "type": "大床房", "price": 398, "status": "空闲", "floor": 10}, {"room": "102", "type": "双床房", "price": 428, "status": "入住", "floor": 10}, {"room": "103", "type": "套房", "price": 888, "status": "待清洁", "floor": 10}, {"room": "104", "type": "大床房", "price": 418, "status": "空闲", "floor": 11}, {"room": "105", "type": "双床房", "price": 438, "status": "维修", "floor": 11}, {"room": "106", "type": "大床房", "price": 468, "status": "空闲", "floor": 12}, ] LESSON3_MODES = {"sequence": "顺序：先后做什么", "branch": "分支：这一间选不选", "loop": "循环：逐间检查"} LESSON3_ACTIONS = {"view", "apply", "next", "prev", "finish", "reset", "preset_a", "preset_b", "preset_c", "preset_d"} LESSON3_PRESETS = { "preset_a": {"budget": "450", "room_type": "大床房", "floor": "11"}, "preset_b": {"budget": "400", "room_type": "大床房", "floor": "11"}, "preset_c": {"budget": "418", "room_type": "大床房", "floor": "11"}, "preset_d": {"budget": "450", "room_type": "大床房", "floor": ""}, } def lesson3_checks(room, budget, room_type, floor): """四个条件都必须为 True；楼层为 None 表示不限制楼层。""" return [ {"label": "房态", "condition": 'room["status"] == "空闲"', "value": room["status"] == "空闲", "actual": room["status"]}, {"label": "预算", "condition": 'room["price"] <= budget', "value": room["price"] <= budget, "actual": "%s <= %s" % (room["price"], budget)}, {"label": "房型", "condition": 'room["type"] == room_type', "value": room["type"] == room_type, "actual": room["type"]}, {"label": "楼层", "condition": 'floor is None or room["floor"] == floor', "value": floor is None or room["floor"] == floor, "actual": "%s 楼；%s" % (room["floor"], "楼层不限" if floor is None else "要求 %s 楼" % floor)}, ] def lesson3_code(budget=450, room_type="大床房", floor=11): """返回可直接复制运行的第三章课堂代码；每一行缩进均为 4 个空格。""" code = ["rooms = ["] for room in LESSON3_ROOMS: code.append(" " + repr(room) + ",") code.extend([ "]", "budget = %s" % budget, "room_type = %r" % room_type, "floor = %r # None 表示楼层不限" % floor, "result = [] # 只在 for 循环前初始化一次", "for room in rooms:", ' if (room["status"] == "空闲"', ' and room["price"] <= budget', ' and room["type"] == room_type', ' and (floor is None or room["floor"] == floor)):', ' result.append(room)', "", "if result:", ' print("符合条件的客房：", result)', "else:", ' print("本次条件下没有匹配的空闲客房，请调整条件。")', ]) return code def lesson3_trace(budget, room_type, floor, mode="loop", selected_room="104"): """纯函数：生成可 JSON 序列化的执行轨迹，不改 PMS 或课堂客房数据。 step 字段：title、explanation、current_room（房号或 None）、checks、 result（已追加的完整客房字典列表）、room_numbers（房号摘要）、 code_line（1 起始）、phase、matched。 sequence 看准备工作的先后；branch 只检验选中的一间；loop 遍历六间。 """ if isinstance(budget, bool) or not isinstance(budget, int) or not 0 <= budget <= 100000: raise ValueError("预算必须是 0–100000 的整数。") if room_type not in {"大床房", "双床房", "套房"}: raise ValueError("房型必须选择大床房、双床房或套房。") if floor is not None and (isinstance(floor, bool) or not isinstance(floor, int) or floor not in (10, 11, 12)): raise ValueError("楼层只能是 10、11、12，或留空表示不限。") if mode not in LESSON3_MODES: raise ValueError("请选择顺序、分支或循环模式。") if selected_room not in {room["room"] for room in LESSON3_ROOMS}: raise ValueError("请选择 101–106 中的房号。") steps = [] result = [] def add(title, explanation, code_line, phase, room=None, checks=None): steps.append({"title": title, "explanation": explanation, "current_room": room["room"] if room else None, "checks": checks or [], "result": [dict(item) for item in result], "room_numbers": [item["room"] for item in result], "code_line": code_line, "phase": phase, "matched": all(check["value"] for check in checks) if checks else None}) def finish(scope): if result: add("输出结果", "%s，符合条件的房号：%s。" % (scope, "、".join(item["room"] for item in result)), 21, "output") else: add("输出结果", "%s，本次条件下没有匹配的空闲客房，请调整条件。" % scope, 23, "output") if mode == "sequence": add("1. 准备数据", "把六间客房放入列表 rooms，每间房用一个字典记录。", 1, "prepare") add("2. 设置客人需求", "依次设置预算、房型和楼层；空闲房是必须满足的条件。", 9, "needs") add("3. 准备结果容器", "在循环之前创建空列表 result = []，用来收集合适的房号。", 12, "initialize") add("4. 开始逐间检查", "准备完成后进入 for；每间房再用 if 判断，符合条件才追加。", 13, "take") for room in LESSON3_ROOMS: if all(check["value"] for check in lesson3_checks(room, budget, room_type, floor)): result.append(room) finish("六间客房全部检查后") return steps add("初始化结果列表", "result = [] 在 for 前执行一次；后续追加的房号会保留下来。", 12, "initialize") selected = [room for room in LESSON3_ROOMS if room["room"] == selected_room] targets = selected if mode == "branch" else LESSON3_ROOMS for index, room in enumerate(targets, start=1): checks = lesson3_checks(room, budget, room_type, floor) prefix = "第 %s / 6 间：" % index if mode == "loop" else "当前选中：" add(prefix + "取出 " + room["room"], "room 指向 %s 号房；先看数据，再做判断。" % room["room"], 13, "take", room) matched = all(check["value"] for check in checks) add("if 判断：%s 号房" % room["room"], "四个条件通过 and 连接，全部为 True 才入选。当前整体判断为 %s。" % matched, 14, "check", room, checks) if matched: result.append(room) add("True → 追加 %s" % room["room"], "执行 result.append(room)，把 %s 的完整客房字典加入列表；已有客房继续保留。" % room["room"], 18, "append", room, checks) else: failed = "、".join(check["label"] for check in checks if not check["value"]) add("False → 跳过 %s" % room["room"], "%s 条件不符合；不执行 append，结果列表保持不变。" % failed, 14, "skip", room, checks) finish("只检查选中的 %s 号房后" % selected_room if mode == "branch" else "六间客房全部检查后") return steps def parse_lesson3_options(values): """校验浏览器表单；返回有效参数、原表单、错误列表。""" defaults = {"budget": "450", "room_type": "大床房", "floor": "11", "mode": "loop", "selected_room": "104", "cursor": "0", "action": "view"} form = {key: str(values.get(key, default)).strip() for key, default in defaults.items()} errors = [] options = {"budget": 450, "room_type": "大床房", "floor": 11, "mode": "loop", "selected_room": "104", "cursor": 0, "action": "view"} # 先限制字符串长度，再转换整数；拒绝小数、负号、指数和超长输入。 raw_budget = form["budget"] if len(raw_budget) > 6 or not raw_budget.isascii() or not raw_budget.isdigit() or int(raw_budget) > 100000: errors.append("预算必须是 0–100000 的整数，例如 450；不能留空或输入小数。") else: options["budget"] = int(raw_budget) if form["room_type"] not in {"大床房", "双床房", "套房"}: errors.append("房型必须选择大床房、双床房或套房。") else: options["room_type"] = form["room_type"] if form["floor"] not in {"", "10", "11", "12"}: errors.append("楼层只能是 10、11、12，或留空表示不限。") else: options["floor"] = int(form["floor"]) if form["floor"] else None if form["mode"] not in LESSON3_MODES: errors.append("实验模式无效，请选择顺序、分支或循环。") else: options["mode"] = form["mode"] if form["selected_room"] not in {room["room"] for room in LESSON3_ROOMS}: errors.append("当前房号必须在 101–106 之间。") else: options["selected_room"] = form["selected_room"] if len(form["cursor"]) > 3 or not form["cursor"].isascii() or not form["cursor"].isdigit() or int(form["cursor"]) > 200: errors.append("执行步数无效，请使用 0–200 之间的整数。") else: options["cursor"] = int(form["cursor"]) if form["action"] not in LESSON3_ACTIONS: errors.append("操作无效，请使用页面上的实验按钮。") else: options["action"] = form["action"] return options, form, errors def lesson3_recommendation(budget, room_type, floor): """返回完整筛选结果与逐间解释；课堂 GUI 展示房号摘要，实际保留完整字典。""" result = lesson3_trace(budget, room_type, floor)[-1]["result"] decisions = [] for room in LESSON3_ROOMS: reasons = [] if room["status"] != "空闲": reasons.append("房态是%s，必须是空闲" % room["status"]) if room["price"] > budget: reasons.append("价格 %s 元，超过预算 %s 元" % (room["price"], budget)) if room["type"] != room_type: reasons.append("房型是%s，需求是%s" % (room["type"], room_type)) if floor is not None and room["floor"] != floor: reasons.append("floor 为 %s 楼，需求是 %s 楼" % (room["floor"], floor)) decisions.append({"room": dict(room), "matched": not reasons, "reasons": reasons, "checks": lesson3_checks(room, budget, room_type, floor)}) return {"result": result, "room_numbers": [room["room"] for room in result], "decisions": decisions} LESSON3_CSS = """ .nav { height:auto; min-height:60px; padding-top:8px; padding-bottom:8px; } .lesson-intro { background:linear-gradient(110deg,#eef5ff,#f0faf5); } .lesson-intro h1 { font-size:25px; } .lesson-intro p { margin:8px 0 0; } .lesson-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.02fr) minmax(0,1fr); gap:18px; } .lesson-grid>* { min-width:0; } .lesson-form { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap:12px; } .lesson-form .wide { grid-column:1/-1; } .lesson-actions { display:flex; gap:8px; flex-wrap:wrap; } .lesson-actions .btn { padding:9px 13px; } .lesson-meta { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:8px; margin:14px 0 0; } .lesson-chip { font-size:12px; background:#fff; border:1px solid #d7e6ed; border-radius:99px; padding:3px 10px; } .lesson-hint { font-size:13px; color:#556375; } .lesson-step { border-left:5px solid #25824d; background:#f1faf4; padding:14px; border-radius:10px; } .lesson-step.sequence { border-color:#2563eb; background:#eff6ff; } .lesson-step.branch { border-color:#d97706; background:#fffbeb; } .lesson-step h3 { margin:3px 0 8px; font-size:19px; } .lesson-step p { margin:4px 0; } .lesson-result { font:700 20px ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace; color:#17643b; padding:10px 0; overflow-wrap:anywhere; } .lesson-checks { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap:8px; margin-top:12px; } .lesson-check { padding:9px; border-radius:8px; border:1px solid #a4d4b9; background:#effaf3; font-size:13px; } .lesson-check.fail { border-color:#ecc3b3; background:#fff2eb; } .lesson-check code { font-size:11px; overflow-wrap:anywhere; } .lesson-table-wrap { overflow-x:auto; } .lesson-table td,.lesson-table th { padding:8px; white-space:nowrap; } .lesson-table tr.current td { background:#fff0c2; border-top:2px solid #b77913; border-bottom:2px solid #b77913; font-weight:700; } .lesson-table tr.selected td:first-child { color:#166534; font-weight:700; } .lesson-code { background:#152237; color:#dce6f4; padding:12px 0; border-radius:10px; overflow:auto; font:12px/1.85 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace; tab-size:4; } .lesson-code-line { display:block; white-space:pre; padding:0 10px; min-width:max-content; border-left:4px solid transparent; } .lesson-code-line.active { background:#364a61; border-left-color:#fde047; color:white; } .lesson-line-no { display:inline-block; width:24px; color:#96a5b8; user-select:none; } .lesson-code-line.setup { color:#9ec7ff; } .lesson-code-line.branch { color:#ffd08b; } .lesson-code-line.loop { color:#99e0b0; } .lesson-flow { width:100%; height:auto; max-height:300px; display:block; margin:12px auto; } .lesson-flow .node { fill:#f7fafc; stroke:#91a2b4; stroke-width:1.6; } .lesson-flow .hot { fill:#fff0bf; stroke:#aa7016; stroke-width:3; } .lesson-flow text { fill:#243347; font:14px sans-serif; text-anchor:middle; } .lesson-flow .small { font-size:11px; } .lesson-flow path,.lesson-flow line { stroke:#60758b; stroke-width:1.7; fill:none; } .lesson-summary { font-size:13px; padding:12px; border-radius:8px; background:#f4f7fa; margin-top:12px; } .lesson-presets { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr)); gap:9px; margin:14px 0; } .lesson-presets button { width:100%; text-align:left; background:#f3f7fc; border:1px solid #cddbe8; padding:12px; color:#243b56; border-radius:9px; cursor:pointer; font:inherit; } .lesson-presets strong,.lesson-presets span { display:block; } .lesson-presets span { font-size:12px; margin-top:5px; } .lesson-demand { background:#eef5ff; border:1px solid #c6dbf3; padding:13px; border-radius:9px; } .lesson-result-cards { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(190px,1fr)); gap:12px; margin-top:15px; } .lesson-room-card { background:#eef9f2; border:2px solid #8cc7a5; border-radius:10px; padding:16px; } .lesson-room-card strong { color:#17643b; font-size:26px; } .lesson-room-card p { margin:5px 0; } .lesson-empty { margin-top:14px; border-left:5px solid #b67718; padding:14px; background:#fffaed; border-radius:8px; } .lesson-empty h3 { margin:0 0 7px; } .lesson-decision.pass { color:#17643b; font-weight:700; } #recommendation-result .lesson-table th:last-child,#recommendation-result .lesson-table td:last-child { white-space:normal; min-width:220px; width:52%; overflow-wrap:anywhere; } details.panel>summary { cursor:pointer; font-size:17px; font-weight:700; color:#234766; } details.panel>summary+.lesson-hint { margin-top:12px; } .lesson-answers { margin:14px 0 0; padding-left:21px; } .lesson-answers li { margin:8px 0; } .lesson-reflection { width:100%; min-height:150px; border:1px solid #bdcbd9; padding:12px; border-radius:8px; font:inherit; } @media(max-width:760px){ .lesson-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr} .lesson-form{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))} .panel{padding:15px} .lesson-intro h1{font-size:22px} } @media(max-width:760px){ .lesson-presets{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))} } @media(max-width:440px){ .lesson-form{grid-template-columns:1fr} .lesson-checks{grid-template-columns:1fr} .nav a{font-size:12px;padding:5px 7px} } """ CSS += LESSON3_CSS LESSON3_TEMPLATE = """

第三次课 · 帮客人选到合适的客房

修改客人的预算、房型、楼层，查看推荐，再用自己的话解释结果。

90 分钟：讲解 35 · 实操 50 · 回顾 5直接操作 GUI截图 + 解释 → 提交课堂派

固定使用第三章 6 间教学客房，与第二章系统的 20 间业务客房互不影响。本次实操通过选择条件完成。

1. 选择课堂任务，或自己设置需求

必须满足“房态为空闲”。楼层依据 floor 字段判断，不根据房号猜测。

{% if errors %}{% endif %}
{% if recommendation %}

2. 查看推荐结果

本次客户需求：最高 {{ options.budget }} 元 / {{ options.room_type }} / {{ '不限楼层' if options.floor is none else (options.floor|string + ' 楼') }} / 必须空闲。
{% if recommendation.result %}
{% for room in recommendation.result %}
{{ room.room }} 号房

{{ room.type }} · {{ room.price }} 元 / 晚

楼层：{{ room.floor }} 楼 · {{ room.status }}

四项条件全部满足 ✓

{% endfor %}

本次推荐 {{ recommendation.result|length }} 间：{{ recommendation.room_numbers|join('、') }}。

{% else %}

本次需求下没有匹配的空闲客房

请尝试提高预算、换房型或放宽楼层。无结果不等于酒店满房，只是没有客房同时满足这一次的全部条件。

{% endif %}

每间推荐客房都必须同时满足全部需求；房型、价格、房态与楼层可在下表核对。

{% for item in recommendation.decisions %}{% endfor %}
房号房型 / 价格房态 / floor本次为什么入选或不入选
{{ item.room.room }}{{ item.room.type }} / {{ item.room.price }} 元{{ item.room.status }} / {{ item.room.floor }} 楼{% if item.matched %}入选：四项条件全部满足{% else %}不入选：{{ item.reasons|join('；') }}{% endif %}

截图建议：把“本次客户需求”、推荐卡或无匹配提示，以及理由表一起截入画面。

{% endif %}
看懂程序怎样工作 · 顺序、分支、循环（可展开观察）

先完成上面的选房任务。想知道程序怎样作出判断，再选择一种结构，逐步观察。

{% if step %}
观察进度 {{ cursor + 1 }} / {{ trace|length }} · {{ modes[options.mode] }}

{{ step.title }}

{{ step.explanation }}

已收集房号摘要 = {{ step.room_numbers }}

实际 result 保存完整客房字典；这里用房号帮助观察变化。

{% if step.checks %}
{% for check in step.checks %}
{{ check.label }}：{{ 'True · 通过' if check.value else 'False · 不通过' }}
{{ check.actual }}
{% endfor %}
{% endif %} {% if options.mode == 'sequence' %} {% for label,phase in [('准备数据','prepare'),('设置需求','needs'),('result = []','initialize'),('开始检查','take')] %}{{ label }}{% if not loop.last %}{% endif %}{% endfor %} {% else %} {% if options.mode == 'loop' %} 有下一间？ 有 没有 {% else %}选中的一间房{% endif %} 取出客房 room 四个条件全真？ True False 追加客房 跳过，不追加 {% if options.mode == 'loop' %}下一轮 {% else %}{% endif %} 输出 result {% endif %}
{% for room in rooms %}{% endfor %}
roomtypepricestatusfloor
{{ room.room }}{{ ' ← 当前' if step.current_room == room.room }}{{ room.type }}{{ room.price }}{{ room.status }}{{ room.floor }}

蓝色顺序：先收集需求，再准备结果；橙色分支：符合就选，不符合就跳过；绿色循环：每间都检查一遍。

{% endif %}
教师参考代码（可展开，学生无需输入代码）

result 在 for 前初始化；result.append(room) 追加完整客房字典。高亮行对应刚才展开观察的位置。

{% for line in code %}{{ loop.index }}{{ line }}{% endfor %}

3. 课堂练习与课堂派提交

50 分钟实操：15 分钟完成 A，认识界面并解释基准需求；15 分钟比较 B、C 的预算变化；10 分钟完成 D，观察取消楼层限制后的结果；10 分钟自拟需求、交流解释并整理截图。最后用 5 分钟回顾。

  1. A：450 元、大床房、11 楼。截一张结果图，解释为什么只有 104 入选。
  2. B：把预算改成 400 元，其余不变。截一张结果图，解释为什么无匹配，以及为什么不能说酒店满房。
  3. C：预算改成 418 元，其余同 A。截一张结果图，解释为什么“刚好等于预算”仍能入选。
  4. D：450 元、大床房、不限楼层。截一张结果图，解释为什么多出 101，106 为什么仍不入选。
  5. 自主需求：自己设置预算、房型和楼层，先预测，再查看结果，用一两句话解释。

交到课堂派：A / B / C / D 各 1 张截图及对应解释，最后用生活语言分别说明顺序、分支和循环各做什么。自主需求可作为补充，不额外要求截图。按教师在课堂派发布的作业入口提交。

解释句式：客人要求……；我看到……；因为……，所以……。顺序像按步骤接待；分支像判断是否满足需求；循环像按房间清单逐间核对。

返回第二章空房推荐 · 返回酒店业务看板

""" @app.route("/structures", methods=["GET", "POST"]) def structures(): """无 JavaScript 也可用的服务器端表单步进实验。""" raw_values = request.form if request.method == "POST" else request.args values = raw_values.to_dict() if values.get("action") in LESSON3_PRESETS: values.update(LESSON3_PRESETS[values["action"]]) values["cursor"] = "0" options, form, errors = parse_lesson3_options(values) trace = [] cursor = 0 step = None recommendation = None if not errors: recommendation = lesson3_recommendation(options["budget"], options["room_type"], options["floor"]) trace = lesson3_trace(options["budget"], options["room_type"], options["floor"], options["mode"], options["selected_room"]) cursor = min(options["cursor"], len(trace) - 1) action = options["action"] if action in {"view", "apply", "reset"} or action in LESSON3_PRESETS: cursor = 0 elif action == "next": cursor = min(cursor + 1, len(trace) - 1) elif action == "prev": cursor = max(cursor - 1, 0) elif action == "finish": cursor = len(trace) - 1 step = trace[cursor] body = render_template_string(LESSON3_TEMPLATE, options=options, form=form, errors=errors, trace=trace, cursor=cursor, step=step, rooms=LESSON3_ROOMS, recommendation=recommendation, code=lesson3_code(options["budget"], options["room_type"], options["floor"]), modes=LESSON3_MODES) return base("第三次课 · 控制结构实验", body) # ------------------------------------------------------------------ # 七、启动入口：导入模块时不会启动服务 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ if __name__ == "__main__": load_data() print("酒店客房管理系统 · 第二章业务与第三章控制结构实验") print("浏览器打开：http://127.0.0.1:5000/structures") app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=int(os.environ.get("PORT", 5000)), debug=False)